Caffeine stimulates the central nervous system of a human body, increases cardiac activity, accelerates the pulse, causes dilation of blood vessels (mainly skeletal muscle, brain, heart, kidney), increases urine output, reduces platelet aggregation (however, in some cases, opposite effects are observed). The chemical name of caffeine is 1,3,7-trimethyl-xanthine. Structural formula: Caffeine is derived from the heterocycle:


. purine



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